Tire Structure

Understanding the structure of a car tire is essential to appreciate its impact on the overall performance of the vehicle. From layers of advanced materials to intricate tread patterns, let's explore together the complex anatomy of a car tire and how each element contributes to safe and efficient driving.

Tire components

1: Tread

Is composed of a thick layer of rubber that makes direct contact with the road surface. It is designed to be highly resistant to fracture and shock, aiming to protect the carcass and belt situated in the interior of the tire. Rubber with robust anti-inner abrasion features is employed to enhance the tire's overall lifespan.

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2: Cap

A reinforced nylon based cords are embedded in a layer of rubber and placed around the circumference of the tire. It reduce the neat generation neat the belt edge which is a critical point tor a BR tire.

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3: Steel

Multiple belts with angled steel cords to create a foundation for the tread, pressing it flat against the road for slow, even wear, high traction and responsive handing.
Made of hight-strenght steel, it's applied at top of body ply. For PC tires, we can have a 2 belt construction or more.

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4: Carcass

The framework of the tire, the most important part that controls internal pressure and maintains the tire's shape, absorbing weight and shocks.

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5: Inner Liner

The inner liner replaces the tube in the interior of the tire, comprising a layer of rubber with excellent airtight properties that retain air within the tire. Typically, the rubber is made of butyl, a synthetic rubber, or polyisoprene.

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6: Sidewall

Situated between the tire shoulder and bead, the sidewall shields the carcass and enhances ride quality through its flexible extension and contraction movements. Additionally, this section of the tire holds significant information, including the tire type, standards, structure, pattern, date of manufacture, manufacturer's name, and brand name.

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7 & 8: Bead Apex and Cord

The bead encircles the end of the cord, securing the tire to the rim. It comprises several components such as the bead wire, core, rubber, and flipper. Typically, the rim is slightly tightened to prevent the tire from disengaging in the event of a sudden reduction in air pressure while driving.